카테고리 없음

인종차별 특별보고관 방한 (2014. 9. 29. ~ 10. 6.)

카테고리 없음

2014. 9. 29. 00:00

UN expert on racism and discrimination launches first official visit to South Korea

 

GENEVA (25 September 2014) – United Nations Special Rapporteur Mutuma Ruteere will visit the Republic of Korea from 29 September to 6 October 2014 to evaluate the situation of racism and discrimination in the country.

This is the first official mission to South Korea by and independent expert mandated by the UN Human Rights Council to assess and report on the situation of racism, racial discrimination and related intolerance in the world.

“This visit will allow me to learn more about the context of racism and discrimination in the Republic of Korea as well as about all the initiatives and efforts undertaken by the Government to combat this phenomenon,” Mr. Ruteere said.

For the UN independent expert, this mission “represents a unique opportunity to see first-hand the situation in South Korea, to meet the relevant persons and institutions and to provide observations and concrete recommendations in order to fight racism and other forms of discrimination in the country.”

Mr. Ruteere, who is visiting the country at the invitation of the Korean authorities, is scheduled to meet with Government officials, representatives of the legislative and judicial branches, UN agencies in the country, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea, a broad range of civil society actors and private corporations.

The human rights expert will hold a press conference at the end of the visit on Monday, 6 October 2014 at 12:00 h at the Plaza Hotel in Seoul, to present his preliminary findings and recommendations.

A final report on the visit will be presented by the Special Rapporteur to the UN Human Rights Council in 2015.

Mr. Mutuma Ruteere (Kenya) was appointed by the Human Rights Council as Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance in November 2011.

As Special Rapporteur, he is independent from any government or organisation and serves in his individual capacity.

 

「무토마 루티에르」 유엔 현대적 인종차별 특별보고관 방한

 

1. 「무토마 루티에르(Mutuma Ruteère)」 유엔 현대적 인종차별 특별보고관이 우리나라의 인종차별 상황을 조사하기 위해 9. 29.(월)-10. 6.(월)간 공식 방한할 예정입니다.

   ※ 유엔 현대적 인종차별 특별보고관의 공식 방한은 처음이며, 과거 우리나라의 인권상황과 관련하여 ’95.6월 아비드 후사인(Abid Hussain) 표현의 자유 특별보고관, ’06.12월 호르헤 부스타만테(Jorge. Bustamante) 이주민 인권 특별보고관, ’10.5월 프랭크 라 뤼(Frank La Rue) 표현의 자유 특별보고관, ‘13.5월 마가렛 세카갸(Margaret Sekaggya) 인권옹호자 특별보고관이 방한

2. 「루티에르」 특별보고관은 9. 29.(월)부터 외교부, 법무부, 국방부, 교육부, 해양수산부, 고용노동부, 보건복지부, 여성가족부, 대검찰청 등 정부부처 및 방송통신위원회, 국가인권위원회, 관련 유엔 기구 및 NGO 관계자 등을 면담하고, 난민지원센터 및 외국인 고용업체 등을 방문한 후, 10. 6.(월) 오전 기자회견으로 금번 방한 일정을 마무리할 예정입니다.

  ㅇ 금번 방문 결과는 공식보고서로 작성되어, 2015년 중 유엔 인권이사회에 제출될 예정입니다.

3. 유엔 현대적 인종차별 특별보고관직은 △전 세계 인종차별 실태에 대한 정보를 수집하고, △인종차별 철폐 및 문화 다양성 증진 관련 각종 제도 개선을 권고하기 위하여 1993년 유엔 인권위원회(現 인권이사회 前身) 결의에 의해 최초로 설치되었으며, 「루티에르」 특별보고관은 2011. 11월 임명되어 활동 중입니다.

   ※ 유엔 인권이사회는 특정국가 또는 특정주제에 관한 인권상황을 조사․분석하여 유엔에 보고(권고 포함)하는 임무를 수행하는 특별보고관 제도를 운영하고 있으며, 현재 52명의 특별보고관(국별 14명, 주제별 38명)이 활동 중

 

첨 부 : 「루티에르」 특별보고관 인적사항. 

 

14-676_attachment.HWP

 

「루티에르」인종차별 특별보고관 인적사항

 

성 명

o 무토마 루티에르 (Mutuma Ruteere, 남성)

 

출 생 지

o 케냐

연 령

o 1971년생(43세)

학 력

o 영국 에섹스대학 석사(인권분야 전공)

o 케냐 나이로비 소재 대학 정치학박사(인권분야 전공)

주요경력

o 2006~현재 케냐 인권연구소장

o 2009.5~11 케이프타운대학 범죄학센터 연구원

o 2009~현재 인권정책연구센터장(케냐 소재)

o 2011.11~현재 유엔 인종차별 특별보고관

특이사항

o 공식방한 없음

o 종교 없음

[Press Statement]

 

Statement of preliminary observations delivered by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, M. Mutuma Ruteere on 6 October 2014 on conclusion of official visit to the Republic of Korea

 

6 October 2014


Ladies and Gentlemen,


I would like to thank you for coming to this press conference today and for your interest in my visit to the Republic of Korea. This marks the conclusion of my official visit to the Republic of Korea from 29 September to 6 October 2014. This visit is the first visit by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, and related intolerance to the Republic of Korea. During my visit, I held meetings in Seoul, Sejong City, Busan, Changwon, and Ansan. I have met with representatives from the Government of Korea, at the national level, the judiciary, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea, United Nations agencies present in the country, non-governmental organizations, community members and other groups and individuals working in the field of racism, as well as migrant workers and asylum-seekers. Regrettably, I did not meet with Ministers even though I had requested for meetings at that level. However I would like to thank the Government of Korea for the invitation and for arranging such a variety of meetings on a tight schedule. I am also extremely grateful to my interlocutors from civil society including NGOs who have been very helpful to my visit. 


The Republic of Korea has made important progress in addressing the issue of racism and xenophobia considering its history of ethnic and cultural homogeneity. Only recently, as the country has industrialized rapidly over the past decades has it been faced with the progressive arrival of foreigners and migrant workers and opened up to multiculturalism and cultural diversity. These developments have provoked an important and essential debate on multiculturalism, racism and racial discrimination in the country.

The Republic of Korea is a State party to a number of international instruments against discrimination, such as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and more recently the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as well as the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. On the constitutional and legal framework, the Republic of Korea has strong provisions against discrimination, supported by an independent National Human Rights Commission and a very strong and vocal civil society. It is important that the country builds upon this progress in confronting the emerging challenges related to the arrival of foreigners and migrant workers who are contributing to social change and a shift from a migrant-sending country to a migration destination.


I have been made aware of the numerous efforts made by the Government in order to support multicultural families and in particular, the comprehensive assistance to help integrate marriage migrants and their children as full members of the Korean society. I have been informed of the series of laws and policies enacted by the Korean Government, including the Social Integration Policy for Marriage Immigrants and their Children, the Marriage Brokers Business Management Act and the Multicultural Families Support Act. In addition, numerous services for multicultural families have been made available such as the Multicultural Families Support Centres throughout the country which offer language classes and counseling to both spouses and provide support for the marriage migrant and their children to settle and integrate into Korean society. The Republic of Korea has also enacted a comprehensive Refugee Act which entered into force last year.


Nevertheless, I have been informed that the concept of multicultural families as currently interpreted and applied, has some limitations and has been used in the media to convey negative connotations of marriage migrants and foreign workers from South-East Asia. Similarly, one must note that the policy of multicultural families is in the vast majority of cases applied only to foreign women who marry a Korean man and not vice-versa. The definition of these marriages also excludes two migrant workers from a non-Korean background. Finally there have been reports of abuse by marriage brokers who have had discriminatory attitudes and stereotypes, although I have been informed that this is not the case anymore with the enactment of a specific law regulating these brokers.


I have also been informed that marriage migrants often lack adequate protection in case of separation or divorce. This is particularly the case when there are no children involved and the residence permit is revoked. I have heard of cases of domestic violence, especially in rural areas and in low-income families where the foreign spouse risks losing their residence permit if she leaves her husband. This puts foreign marriage migrant women in a particularly vulnerable situation, as many are afraid to report domestic violence for fear of losing their residence permit.


I have been made aware of the situation of foreign migrants who come to work to Korea through the Employment Permit System (EPS). This system has been in place since 2007 and has allowed numerous foreign workers to come to Korea access employment opportunities in Korea; similarly it has allowed Korean businesses to recruit foreign workers through a flexible permit system for short and medium term periods which has contributed to the economic growth witnessed in the past years.
I have also been informed that the Government has introduced amendments to the EPS which now make it harder for foreign workers to change employment and which in some cases requires them to have left the country in order to be paid their severance settlement after finishing their employment contract in Korea. Further limitations contained in the EPS system make it almost impossible for a migrant worker recruited under this scheme to be granted permanent or long-term residency, or even to convert to another type of visa as the EPS is limited to a maximum of 4 years and 10 months.


The situation of migrant workers in the agriculture industry requires serious attention from the authorities. Through my meetings with migrant workers in this sector, I have been informed of the difficult working and living conditions these migrants face, working in small farms in isolated areas of the country, in the cold winter and in the hot summer, particularly in the greenhouses. I have also been informed that many of the migrant workers in the agriculture sector are paid less than the legal minimum wage and have to work longer hours than normally permitted, which is not the case of their Korean co-workers. In addition, these migrant workers are often assigned the most difficult and strenuous tasks in comparison to their Korean counterparts. Given their isolated conditions, it is particularly difficult for them to report violations of the Labour Standards Act and to change employment, as they have to go through the Job Centres and provide justification in order to be allowed to change employer.

In my meetings with fishermen of non-Korean origins in Busan, I was informed of their difficult working conditions on board fishing vessels at high seas. Many of them gave accounts of the difficult conditions under which they work. Foreign fishermen are often assigned the most difficult tasks and paid less than their Korean counterparts. In addition, they are not entitled to a share of the catch, which is a requisite for Korean fishermen. Moreover, these fishermen are often subjected to racist and xenophobic verbal and physical abuse by ship owners and captains, as well as by fellow Korean fishermen. Foreign fishermen working in Korean vessels are not regulated by the Labour Standards Acts nor are they under the rules of the Employment Permit System. The fact that they are at high seas for periods up to one month, makes it very difficult for them to report abuse and their particular status does not allow them to change employment through the Job Centres as they are not covered by the provisions of the EPS.


Although I have not been informed of racist or xenophobic discourse and practices at the institutional level, I have been made aware that at the individual level, there have been isolated incidents of private acts of racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia. I have been informed of the refusal of a naturalized Korean woman to enter a public bath by the management of the facility, of taxi drivers turning in, to the police, customers who do not look Korean, and of shop attendants expressing derogatory attitudes to foreign customers. Although these incidents may be isolated cases, it is essential for the Government to address the issue of racism and xenophobia through better education and awareness-raising.
 
I have been informed of the existence of xenophobic groups which advocate the abolition of policy of support for multicultural families and who claim that the multicultural policy enacted by the Government discriminates against Koreans, as they are not entitled to similar social benefits and programs. After verification, I confirmed that no such discrimination exists and that ethnic Koreans are offered the same social benefits under the regular social scheme. It is however important for the Government to dispel these myths and clarify the situation in order to prevent the proliferation of racist and xenophobic movements.


I have been informed that the Republic of Korea has seen an increasing number of requests for asylum which are being processed in a timely manner by the authorities. I have visited an Immigration Reception Centre in Incheon and been made aware of the efforts undertaken by the Korean Government to process claims of refugees and asylum-seekers in a fair, transparent and timely manner. Although the percentage of acceptance remains very low, there are revision and appeal procedures which have been established to ensure a fair hearing and decision by the immigration authorities to those who arrive in Korean and seek asylum. The adoption of a comprehensive Refugee Act in 2013 is a welcome development.


As Korean society becomes more exposed to foreigners and migrant workers living in the country, it is important to continue addressing the issue of racism, xenophobia and discrimination through better education, keeping appropriate statistics especially on discrimination and exclusion, improving domestic legislation especially on employment, as well as ensuring that the media is sensitive and conscious of the responsibility to avoid racist and xenophobic stereotypes and that these are properly addressed and perpetrators punished where appropriate.

In order to offer a better protection to migrant workers, I recommend that the Government ratifies the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. Finally, I advocate for the enactment of a comprehensive anti-discrimination Act, as has been recommended by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in its Concluding Observations on the Republic of Korea in 2012. Such an Act which would prohibit racial discrimination is essential to address the issues I have mentioned previously, and would allow the appropriate institutions, including the National Human Rights Commission to play a more significant role in receiving complaints from victims, conduct investigation and issue relevant recommendations to the Government which could be followed-up, in a similar manner to the adoption of instruments which prohibit discrimination against women and persons with disabilities.


I will present a more comprehensive report on this visit to the Human Rights Council next year.

I thank you for your kind attention and will be pleased to answer any questions you may have.

 

[보도자료]

 

http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Racism/Press_statement_KOR_Oct2014.doc

 

 

현대적 형태의 인종주의, 인종차별, 외국인 혐오 및 이와 관련한 불관용에 관한

UN 특별보고관 무투마 루티에레

대한민국 공식방한 결과 예비 보고

(2014년 10월 6일)

 

신사 숙녀 여러분,

 

오늘 기자회견에 오신 여러분들께 저의 방한에 관심을 가져주신 데 대해 감사 드립니다. 오늘로써 2014년 9월 29일부터 시작된 대한민국 공식 방문일정이 마무리됩니다. 현대적 형태의 인종주의, 인종차별, 외국인 혐오, 기타 관련한 불관용에 관한 UN 특별보고관이 대한민국을 방문한 것은 이번이 처음입니다. 이번에 저는 서울, 세종시, 부산, 창원, 안산 등을 방문해 사법부, 국가인권위원회, 대한민국에 주재하고 있는 UN기구, 비정부단체, 지역사회, 그리고 인종주의 철폐 및 이주노동자와 망명신청자들을 위해 활동하는 개인들과 단체들을 만났습니다. 안타깝게도 방한 전 요청했던 장관급 정부 인사들과는 면담하지 못했습니다. 그러나, 저를 초대해 주시고 빠듯한 일정에 여러 회의 일정을 준비해준 대한민국 정부에 감사 드립니다. 또한 저의 방한에 큰 도움을 주신 NGO들을 포함한 시민사회 관계자 여러분께 깊은 감사를 드립니다.    

 

대한민국은 오랫동안 인종적, 문화적 단일성을 유지해온 역사를 감안할 때 인종주의 및 외국인 혐오 문제를 해결하는데 큰 성과를 보여왔습니다. 최근에 들어서야, 근 몇 십 년 만에 급속한 산업화를 경험하면서 외국인과 이주노동자들의 급격한 유입을 경험하기 시작했고 다문화주의와 문화적 다양성이라는 새로운 현실에 눈을 뜨기 시작했습니다. 이로 인해 한국 사회에서는 다문화주의, 인종주의, 그리고 인종차별이라는 중요하면서도 필수적인 논쟁이 시작되었습니다.   

 

대한민국은 모든 형태의 인종차별 철폐에 관한 국제협약(ICERD), 경제적, 사회적 및 문화적 권리에 관한 국제규약(ICESCR), 아동의 권리에 관한 협약(CRC), 여성에 대한 모든 형태의 차별에 관한 국제협약(CEDAW), 그리고 가장 최근에는 장애인 권리협약(CRPD)과 UNESCO문화적 표현의 다양성 보호와 증진에 관한 협약 등, 다수의 국제 차별철폐 조약에 가입하였습니다. 헌법과 법률 제도 측면에서도 대한민국은 독립적인 국가인권위원회와 매우 강력하고 적극적인 시민사회 덕분에 차별을 금지하는 법적 조항들을 마련해 놓았습니다. 대한민국은 이러한 성과에 힘입어 외국인과 이주노동자 수의 급증에 따라 새롭게 등장하는 다양한 문제들에 대처해 나가야 할 것입니다. 이러한 외국인 유입 증가는 사회적 변화는 물론, 이주노동자를 송출하는 국가에서 이주 목적국으로의 변화를 초래하는 원인이 될 것이기 때문입니다.

 

저는 다문화가족을 지원하기 위해 정부가 다양한 노력을 기울이고 있으며, 특히 결혼이민자와 그 자녀들을 대상으로 대한민국 사회의 일원으로 통합시키기 위한 포괄적인 지원을 하고 있음을 알게 되었습니다. 또한 정부는 결혼이민자와 그 자녀에 관한 사회통합정책, 결혼중개업의 관리에 관한 법률, 다문화가족지원법 등 다양한 법과 정책들을 수립했습니다. 또한 전국 곳곳에 다문화가족지원센터를 설립해 결혼이주가족 부부들에게 한국어 교실과 상담서비스를 제공하고, 결혼이민자와 그 자녀들이 한국 사회에 정착, 통합될 수 있도록 하는 등 다문화가족을 위한 다양한 서비스들이 마련되어 있습니다. 또한 대한민국은 지난해 포괄적 난민법을 제정하여 공표하기도 했습니다. 

  

그럼에도 불구하고, 저는 현재 다문화가족이라는 개념이 다소 제한적으로 해석되고 적용되고 있으며, 각종 매체에서의 쓰임도 결혼이민자와 동남아시아 출신 외국인 노동자들에 대한 부정적인 인식을 전파하고 있다고 들었습니다. 마찬가지로, 다문화가족과 관련한 정책들은 대다수의 사례를 통해 보건대 한국인 남성과 결혼한 외국인 여성들을 대상으로 하고 있음을 주목해야 합니다. 또한 대한민국에서 다문화가족의 정의는 한국인이 아닌 두 이주노동자간의 결혼은 배제하고 있습니다. 마지막으로, 과거에는 결혼 중개업체들이 차별적인 태도나 고정관념에 기반한 결혼 광고를 했던 사례가 있으나 결혼 중개업체들을 규제하는 특별법이 제정되어서 이 같은 문제는 더 이상 발생하지 않는다고 들었습니다.

 

또한 결혼 이민자들이 별거나 이혼 시 충분한 보호를 받지 못하는 경우가 많다고 들었습니다. 특히 자녀가 없는 경우가 더욱 심해 거주 허가가 취소된다고 합니다. 농촌 지역과 저소득층 가정에서 발생하는 가정폭력 사례도 접했으며 이 경우 외국인 배우자, 예를 들어 외국인 아내가 남편을 떠날 경우 거주 허가를 상실할 위험이 있음을 알게 되었습니다. 이 같은 제도는 결혼 이주 여성들을 더더욱 취약한 상황에 놓이게 만드는 것입니다. 많은 외국인 여성들이 거주 허가를 잃을 것을 두려워해 가정폭력을 신고하지 못하게 만들기 때문입니다.

 

고용허가제(EPS)를 통해 한국에 온 외국인 노동자들의 상황도 파악했습니다. 고용허가제가 2007년에 도입된 이후 수 많은 외국인 노동자들이 고용의 기회를 찾아 한국에 입국했습니다. 한국 업체들도 유연한 고용허가제를 통해 장, 단기로 외국인 노동자들을 고용할 수 있게 되었고, 이로 인해 지난 몇 년간 국가 경제 성장에 기여했습니다. 

 

그러나 정부가 고용허가제를 개정해 외국인 노동자들이 직장을 바꾸는 것이 더더욱 어려워졌고, 어떤 경우에는 고용계약이 만료된 뒤 본국으로 돌아가야만 퇴직금을 받을 수 있게 되었다는 것을 알게 되었습니다. 그 이외에도 고용허가제의 또 따른 제약은 이 고용허가제를 통해 입국한 이주 노동자는 영주권이나 장기 거주허가를 받는 것이 거의 불가능하고, 고용허가제에 따른 비자는 최대 4년 10개월로 제한되어 있어서 다른 종류의 비자로 전환하는 것도 거의 불가능하게 되어 있습니다.

 

농업에 종사하고 있는 이주노동자의 상황에 대해서도 당국은 관심을 가져야 합니다. 농장에서 일하는 이주노동자들과의 만남을 통해 외진 지역의 소규모 농장에서 너무나 춥고 더운 비닐하우스에서 일하는 등 이들의 열악한 근로 및 주거 환경에 대해 알게 되었습니다. 또한 농업분야에 종사하는 많은 이주노동자들의 경우 법정최저임금보다 낮은 급여를 받으며 한국인 노동자들과는 달리 장시간 일해야 한다는 점도 들었습니다. 그리고 한국인들에 비해 이주노동자들에게는 더 힘들고 고된 일거리가 주어집니다. 외진 지역에서 일하기 때문에 근로기준법 위반사례를 신고하기도 어렵고, 고용주를 바꾸고자 하는 경우에도 외국인고용지원센터를 꼭 거치고 합당한 사유를 들어야 하는 등 일터를 옮기는 것도 어렵습니다.

 

부산에서는 외국출신 어업노동자들을 만나 연근해 어선의 열악한 근로환경에 대해 알게 되었습니다. 많은 분들께서 자신들이 일하는 열악한 근로조건에 대해 말씀해 주셨습니다. 외국인 선원의 경우 한국인 선원보다 더 힘든 일을 맡으면서도 급여는 더 적게 받습니다. 또한, 한국인 선원과는 달리 어획량에 따른 보너스 임금도 받지 못합니다. 게다가 선주나 선원, 그리고 다른 한국인 선원들의 인종차별적 언어 및 신체 폭력에 외국인 선원들이 자주 노출되기도 합니다. 한국 어선에서 일하는 외국인 선원들에 대해서는 근로기준법이나 고용허가제가 적용되지 않습니다. 길게는 한 달까지도 바다에서 작업을 하기 때문에 폭력을 신고하기가 매우 어렵고, 고용허가제가 적용되지 않기 때문에 외국인근로지원센터를 통해 새로운 고용주를 찾는 것도 불가능합니다.

 

한국의 경우 제도적 차원의 인종 차별적인 또는 외국인을 혐오하는 담화나 관행은 없는 것으로 보이지만, 개인 간 상호작용에 있어 인종주의, 인종 차별, 외국인 혐오와 관련된 사례를 알게 되었습니다. 한국인으로 귀화한 외국인 여성이 목욕탕 주인에 의해 목욕탕 출입을 거부당하고, 한국인처럼 보이지 않는 승객을 태운 택시기사가 손님을 경찰서로 데려가거나, 상점의 점원이 외국 고객에게 경멸적인 태도를 보인 사례 등이 있었습니다. 물론 모두 별개의 사안들이지만 교육과 인식개선을 통해 정부가 인종주의와 외국인 혐오 문제를 다루는 것이 매우 중요합니다.

 

또한 다문화가족 지원 정책 철폐를 주장하며 한국인은 비슷한 사회보장이나 혜택을 받지 못하고 정부가 시행하는 다문화 정책이 한국인에 대한 차별이라고 주장하는 외국인 혐오 단체들이 있다는 이야기도 들었습니다. 확인해 본 결과, 그러한 차별은 존재하지 않으며 한국인들도 다른 사회보장프로그램을 통해 동일한 혜택을 누리고 있습니다. 그러나 인종주의적이고 외국인을 혐오하는 움직임의 확산을 막기 위해서는 정부가 이러한 잘못된 믿음을 타파하고 상황을 명확히 하는 것이 매우 중요합니다.

 

한국에 망명 신청을 하는 외국인의 수가 점점 늘고 있으며 관계당국이 이러한 망명 신청을 시의적절하게 처리하고 있는 것으로 압니다. 인천에 소재한 출입국 외국인지원센터를 방문하여 한국 정부가 공정하고 투명하며 시의적절한 방법으로 난민과 망명 신청을 처리하고 있다는 점을 알게 되었습니다. 물론 인정률은 매우 낮지만, 한국으로 망명하고자 하는 이들에 대해 공정한 심사가 이루어지고 있으며 인정 여부 결정을 위한 이의제기 및 항소 절차를 두고 있습니다. 한국의 2013년 난민법 시행을 환영하는 바입니다. 

 

한국에 거주하는 외국인과 이주노동자의 수가 늘어날수록 교육을 강화하고, 차별과 배제 관련 적절한 통계를 수집하며, 고용 등 관련 국내 법령을 개선하고, 인종주의적, 외국인 혐오적 고정관념에 대한 미디어의 감수성과 책임을 강화하며, 관련 문제를 해결하고 위반자에 대해서는 적절한 처벌을 내리는 등, 지속적으로 인종주의, 인종차별, 외국인 혐오 문제를 다루는 것이 중요합니다.

 

이주노동자들에 대한 보호를 강화하기 위해 한국 정부가 모든 이주노동자와 그 가족의 권리 보호에 관한 국제협약(이주노동자권리협약)을 비준할 것을 권고하는 바입니다. 또한 2012년에 유엔 인종차별철폐위원회가 최종의견서에서 한국에 권고한대로 포괄적인 차별금지법의 도입을 지지하는 바입니다. 인종차별을 금지하는 이러한 법은 앞서 말씀 드린 문제들을 해결하는 데 필수적이며, 국가인권위원회 등 관련 기관이 여성과 장애우에 대한 차별을 금지하는 장치를 통해 피해자들의 진정을 접수하고 해당 사안을 조사하여 정부에 적절한 권고를 내리며 후속 조치를 취하 듯, 인종차별 문제를 해결하는데 있어서도 더 중요한 역할을 할 수 있도록 할 것입니다.

 

내년에 열리는 유엔 인권이사회에 종합 보고서를 제출할 예정입니다.

경청해 주셔서 감사합니다. 질문이 있으시면 답변해 드리겠습니다.

 

[OHCHR - News]

 

UN expert on racism urges the Republic of Korea to adopt a comprehensive anti-discrimination law 


GENEVA (9 October 2014) – The United Nations Special Rapporteur on racism, Mutuma Ruteere, urged the Republic of Korea to enact a wide-ranging anti-discrimination law to build on the progress made in addressing the issue of racism and xenophobia, in view of the country’s history of ethnic and cultural homogeneity.


“As Korean society becomes more exposed to foreigners and migrant workers living in the country, it is important to continue addressing the issue of racism, xenophobia and discrimination,” said the independent expert tasked by the UN Human Rights Council to assess and report on the situation of racism, racial discrimination and related intolerance in the world, at the end of his first official mission to South Korea*.


Mr. Ruteere noted that comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation would allow the appropriate institutions to play a more significant role in receiving complaints from victims, investigate and issue relevant recommendations for the Government to follow up.


“Although I have not been informed of racist or xenophobic discourse and practices at the institutional level, I have been made aware that at the individual level, there have been isolated incidents of private acts of racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia,” he said.


The Special Rapporteur recalled how a naturalized Korean woman was refused access to a public bath, as well as cases of taxi drivers turning in to the police customers who do not look Korean, and of shop attendants expressing derogatory attitudes to foreign customers.


“Although these incidents may be isolated cases, it is essential for the Government to address the issue of racism and xenophobia through better education and awareness-raising,” Mr. Ruteere stressed.


The expert also pointed out to xenophobic groups that advocate the abolition of policy of support for multicultural families and who claim that the multicultural policy enacted by the Government discriminates against Koreans, as they are not entitled to similar social benefits and programs.


“After verification, I confirmed that no such discrimination exists and that ethnic Koreans are offered the same social benefits under the regular social scheme,” the rights expert said. “It is however important for the Government to dispel these myths and clarify the situation in order to prevent the proliferation of racist and xenophobic movements.”


Mr. Ruteere encouraged the South Korean authorities to fight racism and discrimination through better education, as well as ensuring that the media is sensitive and conscious of the responsibility to avoid racist and xenophobic stereotypes and that perpetrators are punished where appropriate.


The UN Special Rapporteur also called on the South Korean Government to improve legislation on employment in order to offer a better protection to migrant workers and their families, and encouraged the authorities to ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families.


During his visit to the Republic of Korea, from 29 September to 6 October, Mr. Ruteere met with Government officials, representatives of the legislative and judicial branches, UN agencies in the country, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea, a broad range of civil society actors and private corporations.


A final report on the visit will be presented by the Special Rapporteur to the UN Human Rights Council in 2015.

Source:

http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=15100&LangID=E

http://www.mofa.go.kr/webmodule/htsboard/template/read/korboardread.jsp?typeID=6&boardid=99&seqno=352208

http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=15140&LangID=E

http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=15147&LangID=E

http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=49038

저작자표시 비영리

교육·훈련 | Education & Training/연수 | Trainings

[한국인권재단] 2011 제네바 인권연수

교육·훈련 | Education & Training/연수 | Trainings

2011. 2. 28. 00:00

 

[한국인권재단] 2011 제네바 인권연수

일시: 2011년 2월 28일 (월) ~ 3월 4일 (금)

장소: 스위스 제네바

주최: 한국인권재단

 

📎 보2011 제네바 인권연수 보고서: http://humanrights.or.kr/2011geneva.pdf

 

제네바 연수 

일 시: 2011년 2월 28일～3월4일

장 소: 스위스 제네바

참가인원: 10명 (UN인권 이사회 수상자)

주 최: (재)한국인권재단

후 원: 삼성전자, SK에너지, 포스코

 

대회정보

일 시: 2010년 7월 5일(월)～6일(화) (비숙박)

장 소: 서울대학교 법대100주년기념관 주산기념홀 및 교내

참가인원: 60팀 총 120명(한국어 40팀, 영어 20팀)/ 대학(원)생 및 국내외 유학생

주 최: 서울대학교 공익인권법센터, (사)UN인권정책센터, (재)한국인권재단

후 원: 국가인권위원회, 외교통상부, 유네스코 아·태 국제이해교육원 (UNESCO APCEIU), UN 인권최고대표실(OHCHR) 동남아시아 지역사무소, 주한 스위스 대사관, EBS

 

2011 제네바 인권연수 보고서 中 목차 발췌:

제네바 연수

 

 

 

[2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회]

 

제네바 인권연수 보고서

 

- 제네바, 2011년 2월28일 ‣ 3월4일

 

▶ 목 차 ◀

 

1. 보고서를 발간하며 (이성훈 인권재단 상임이사) ･･････････････････････････ 1

 

2. 2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회 소개               ･･････････････････････････ 2

 

3. 제네바연수 전체 일정표                               ･･････････････････････････ 4

 

4. 방문 기관 소개                                           ･･････････････････････････ 5

1) 제네바 UN 사무소                                       ･･････････････････････････ 5

2) 앙리 뒤낭 박물관                                        ･･････････････････････････ 6
3) 국제노동기구 (ILO)                                     ･･････････････････････････ 7
4) 세계무역기구 (WTO)                                   ･･････････････････････････ 8
5) UN 인권최고대표사무소(OHCHR)                  ･･････････････････････････ 9

 

5. 주제별 보고서                                            ･･････････････････････････ 10
1) 북한인권                                                  ･･････････････････････････ 10
2) 버마인권                                                  ･･････････････････････････ 14
3) 식량권                                                     ･･････････････････････････ 17
4) 인종차별                                                  ･･････････････････････････ 24

5) 자스민 혁명                                              ･･････････････････････････ 33

 

6) HRC Review                                            ･･････････････････････････ 53

 

6. 국제기구 방문 보고서                                 ･･････････････････････････ 64
1) 국제노동기구 (ILO)                                   ･･････････････････････････ 64
2) 세계무역기구 (WTO)                                 ･･････････････････････････ 68
3) UN 인권최고대표사무소(OHCHR)                ･･････････････････････････ 71

 

7. 참가자 개인별 연수 보고서                          ･････････････････････････ 75

 

8. 참가자 소개                                             ･･････････････････････････ 124

 

 

 

저작자표시 비영리 변경금지

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교육·훈련 | Education & Training/모의 UN 인권이사회 | Model UN HRC

[서울대 공익인권법센터, KOCUN, 한국인권재단] 2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회 | [SNU Center for Public Interest & Human Rights, KOCUN, Korea Human Rights Foundation] 2010 Model UN Human Rights Council

교육·훈련 | Education & Training/모의 UN 인권이사회 | Model UN HRC

2010. 7. 5. 00:00


2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회

  • 일시: 2010. 7. 5. (월) ~ 2010. 7. 6. (화)
  • 장소: 서울대학교
  • 공동주최: 서울대학교 공익인권법센터, (사)유엔인권정책센터, 한국인권재단

2010 Model UN Human Rights Council

  • Date: Monday, 5 July - Tuesday, 6 July 2010
  • Venue: Seoul National University (Seoul, Republic of Korea)
  • Co-organizers: Seoul National University Center for Public Interest & Human Rights, Korea Center for United Nations Human Rights Policy (KOCUN), Korea Human Rights Foundation

공문: 🔗


대회 안내서: 🔗 🔗

대회안내서


인권으로 미래를 만드는 「2010 대학생 UN인권이사회」


「2010 대학생 UN인권이사회」는 UN인권이사회와 UPR 등 유엔의 인권제도를 이해하고 배우는 동시에 한국의 인권 상황을 국제적 인권기준을 통해 파악하고 국제 인권제도에 대한 인식을 확대하여 국제사회의 인권증진에 기여할 수 있는 미래 국제인권분야의 전문가를 양성하는 기회와 실천적 교육의 장이 될 것입니다.


❚일 시: 2010년 7월 5일(월)～6일(화) (비숙박)
❚장 소: 서울대학교 법대100주년기념관 주산기념홀 및 교내
❚참가인원: 60팀 총 120명(한국어 40팀, 영어 20팀)/ 국내대학 재학 중인 유학생 및 해외유학생 포함
❚참 가 비: 팀당 5만원
❚주 최: 서울대학교 공익인권법센터, (사)유엔인권정책센터, (재)한국인권재단
❚후 원: 국가인권위원회, 외교통상부, 유네스코 아·태 국제이해교육원(UNESCO APCEIU), 유엔 인
권최고대표실(OHCHR) 동남아시아 지역사무소, 주한 스위스 대사관, EBS


대회 운영 방법


- 참가자 전원은 한국어와 영어 중 한 가지 언어를 선택한 후 한 개의 정부 또는 NGO를 대표하여 특
별절차 실무분과(Working Group)와 국가별 인권상황 정기검토(Universal Periodic Reveiw, UPR) 두 가
지 세션에 참여
- 특별절차 실무분과: 네 가지 주제(① 버마인권, ② 북한인권, ③ 식량권, ④ 인종차별) 중 하나의 실무
분과에 속하여 논의에 참여하고 해당 주제에 대한 결의안 제출
- 국가별 인권상황 정기검토: 대한민국 인권상황을 심의하고 이를 바탕으로 권고안 제출
- 인권이사회 본회의: 실무분과 결의안과 UPR 권고안 채택


참가 신청 및 문의사항


2인 1팀을 구성하여 modelUNHRC@naver.com으로 참가신청서를 보내주세요.


❚신청마감: 2010년 5월 17일(월)
❚참가자 발표: 2010년 5월 24일(월) (사)유엔인권정책센터, (재)한국인권재단 홈페이지 공지
❚참가자 사전교육: 2010년 5월 29일(토) 14:00∼18:00 참가자 전원 참석
❚문의: http://cafe.naver.com/modelUNHRC 또는 (사)유엔인권정책센터(02-6287-1210)


시상 및 부상


시상: 공동주최 기관장 명의의 상장 수여
부상: 국제인권연수 경비(제네바/방콕) 일부 지원


Introduction: 🔗 (MS Word), 🔗 (PDF)

2010 Model UN Human Rights Council


Seoul National University, July 5-6, 2010


The 2010 Model UN Human Rights Council provides an opportunity for university and college students to learn about emerging human rights issues and trends in Korea and in the world through model participation on the Special Procedures and Universal Periodic Review (UPR) mechanisms of the UN Human Rights Council. Through this program, participants can expect to build their expertise and leadership skills in the field of human rights, particularly in the roles of the Korean government and NGOs promoting and protecting human rights in Korea and internationally.


Basic Information


❚ Date: July 5-6 (Monday-Tuesday), 2010 (Accommodation not provided)
❚ Venue: Centennial Hall, College of Law, Seoul National University, Korea
❚ Participants: 120 persons (60 teams)
➢ Students of college & university (under graduate) as well as master degree program (post graduate) in Korea, including international exchange students studying in Korea and Korean students studying abroad returning to Korea for the summer.
➢ 40 Korean speaking teams (80 persons) and 20 English speaking teams (40 persons)
❚ Participation Fee: 50,000 Korean won per team
❚ Organizers:
➢ Center for Public Interest & Human Rights, Seoul National University
➢ Korea Center for United Nations Human Rights Policy (KOCUN)
➢ Korea Human Rights Foundation (KHRF)
❚ Sponsors:
➢ Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MOFAT), Republic of Korea
➢ National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK)
➢ UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), Regional Office in South-East Asia (Bangkok)
➢ UNESCO Asia-Pacific Center of Education for International Understanding (APCEIU), Seoul
➢ Embassy of Switzerland in the Republic of Korea
➢ Educational Broadcasting System (EBS), Korea


Program Structure and Process


- The two-day program will consist of mainly two sessions: UN Human Rights Council Special Procedure and the Universal Periodic Review (UPR).
- The Special Procedure session will be concerned with human rights issues of an international nature while the UPR will focus on South Korea.
- A Working Group and a Plenary Session will be held for both the Special Procedure and the UPR.
- Participants will present the results of the Working Group to the Plenary Session for adoption or review.


Special Procedure (Day 1, Afternoon): Participants will be divided into 6 Working Groups. Each Working Group will discuss one of the following 4 topics (2 themes and 2 country situations)


① Human Rights in Burma (Myanmar) ② Human Rights in North Korea
③ Right to Food ④ Racial Discrimination


- There will be four Working Groups for the Korean speaking teams and two for the English speaking teams. The two topics for the English speaking teams will be selected according to the preferences of the selected participants.
- Each Working Group will be composed of 10 teams (20 participants); 8 teams will be selected to serve as delegations from UN member states and 2 teams will be selected to serve as NGO delegations.
- The results of the Special Procedure Working Group will be presented in the form of a resolution to be adopted at the Plenary Session (Day 2 Afternoon)


Universal Periodic Review (UPR) (Day 2, Morning): Participants will be divided into 3 Working Groups to review the human rights situation in South Korea (Republic of Korea).
- Each UPR Working Group will be composed of 20 teams (40 participants); 16 teams will be selected to serve as delegations from UN member states and 4 teams will be selected to serve as NGO delegations.
- The UPR Working Group will be conducted in an inter-active dialogue format consisting of questions and recommendations by UN member states and NGO delegations, as well as answers by the representatives of the South Korean government.
- At the UPR Plenary Session (Day 2, Afternoonn, representatives of the South Korean government will present their position on the recommendations provided, which will be followed by further questions and feedback.


Application Procedure

- Interested teams of two participants each should send a duly completed application form to ModelUNHRC@naver.com no later than May 19 (Wednesday), 2010
- Selected teams will be notified by public announcement at the websites of the Korea Center for United Nations Human Rights Policy (KOCUN) (http://www.kocun.org) and the Korea Human Rights Foundation (http://www.humanrights.or.kr) on or before May 24 (Monday), 2010.
- A compulsory Orientation Program will be held for all participants from 2-6 pm on May 29 (Monday) 2010.


Awards and Prizes
- Several prizes will be awarded by the co-organizers to participating teams exhibiting outstanding performances.
- A scholarship in the form of financial support for participation in an international human rights internship program in Geneva/Europe and Bangkok/Asia (July/Aug. or January/Feb) will be provided to the one or two teams exhibiting the best performance.


For further inquiries:


Please contact Ms Kawon Lee, 02-6287-1210 or modelUNHRC@naver.com
at KOCUN.

More detailed information is available at http://cafe.naver.com/ModelUNHRC


사전교육: 🔗

  • 일시: 2010년 5월 29일 (토)
  • 장소: 서울대학교 법과대학 15동 601호

[사전교육일정]


시간 내용
13:30~14:00

등록 및 국가 혹은 NGO 배정/UPR 질의항목 배정

14:00~14:10

개회

14:10~14:40

팀 소개(실무분과별)

14:40~14:45

 유엔인권이사회 소개 동영상

14:45~15:20

 의제소개(4개 주제 및 UPR 소개)
15:20~15:30 휴식
15:30~16:30

특별절차 4주제 전문가 브리핑

질의응답

16:30~17:30

 행사운영절차(심사평가, 결의안처리, WG 진행순서절차)
17:30~17:50 전체 질의 응답

17:50~18:00

폐회


- 참가 등록 시 참가자는 국가 혹은 NGO를 제비뽑기를 통해 배정받고 UPR 질의 항목은 선착순 배정됩니다.
- 이날 사전교육에서 실무분과별 대표와 부대표를 선발합니다(자원자 우선). 이들 대표와 부대표는 인터넷 실무분과별 논의를 주도하는 역할과 동료 참가자 연락책으로 활동하게 됩니다.


* 참가자 전원은 대회 준비를 위해 www.ohchr.org를 방문하여 본인이 팀이 속한 실무분과 주제에 관한 정보를 습득하고 추천도서를 통해 인권전반에 대한 이해를 높일것을 권합니다.


Pre-orientation: 🔗

  • Date: Saturday, 29 May 2010, 13:30
  • Venue: Room no. 601, College of Law (Building 16), Seoul National University
Time

Tentative schedule

13:30~14:00

Registration& Country(NGOs) assignment

14:00~14:10

Opening

14:10~14:40

Team and WG introduction

14:40~14:45

 Introduction to UN Human Rights Council

14:45~15:20

 Introduction to 4 thematic issues and Universal Periodic Review
15:20~15:30 Coffee break
15:30~16:30

Briefing on 4 thematic issues by guest speakers

Q&A

16:30~17:30

 Introduction to Rules of Procedures, Judging standards, etc
17:30~17:50

Q&A

17:50~18:00

Closing ceremony


- Participants are expected to be assigned a country or NGO by drawing lots
- Questions to be raised during UPR session by a team will be assigned (First come first serve)
- Two persons in the WG on Racial Discrmination will be appointed either a leader or deputy leader to lead a discussion on the Internet and also work as primary contact persons for the other members in the WG.


* For better preparation, participants are highly recommended to
- visit www.ohchr.org and find out about the current issues on thematic issues for your team
- Go check out the reading list on the website (http://cafe.naver.com/modelunhrc)


20 Themes for UPR Working Group | UPR 실무분과 주제 20: 🔗

20 Themes for UPR Working Group
UPR 실무분과 주제 20


2008년 5월 진행된 대한민국 UPR 실무분과에서 제기된 질문과 권고안과 한국이 가입한 국제인권조약 중 한국정부 보고서 심의를 한 6개의 조약이행감시위원회 권고안에서 언급된 주제 가운데 20개 선택.


The following 20 issues were selected among the questions and recommendations made at the UPR Working Group on Republic of Korea held in May 2008 and recommendations from the six UN human rights treaty monitoring bodies so far (CERD, CESCR, CCPR, CEDAW, CAT and CRC)


1. 국제인권조약 비준 및 이행 Ratification of international human rights treaties and their domestic implementation
2. 국가인권위원회의 독립성과 효과성 Independence and effectiveness of National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK)
3. 언론과 표현의 자유(사이버 포함) Freedom of press and expression (including cyber space)
4. 국가보안법 National Security Law
5. 집회, 시위 및 결사의 자유 Freedom of assembly, demonstration and association
6. 양심에 따른 병역거부 Conscientious objectors
7. 고문 Torture
8. 사형제도 Death Penalty
9. 여성인권 Rights of women
10. 장애인권 Rights of persons with disabilities
11. 아동인권 Rights of child
12. 노인인권 Rights of older persons
13. 성적 소수자 인권 Rights of sexual minorities
14 이주노동자 인권 Rights of migrant workers
15 난민, 비호신청자와 무국적자 인권 Rights of refugee, asylum seeker and stateless persons
16 인종주의, 인종차별과 외국인혐오증 Racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia
17. 노동권 Right to work
18. 주거권 Right to adequate housing
19. 교육권 (인권교육 포함) Right to Education including human rights education
20. 사회보장과 건강권 Right to social security and right to health


List of Member States and NGOs at the Special Procedure Working Group | 특별절차 실무분과 국가 및 단체 명단: 🔗

List of Member States and NGOs at the Special Procedure Working Group
특별절차 실무분과 국가 및 단체 명단


Africa

Asia

Western Europe and Other States

Eastern Europe

Latin America and Caribbean States

International NGO

북한인권(한)

DPRK

 Egypt
Libya		 China
Indonesia		 UK
Sweden		 Poland Peru
Cuba		 Human Rights Watch

버마인권(한)

Burma(Myanmar)

 Ghana
Zimbabwe		 Japan
Vietnam

Netherlands
Australia

 Russia Argentina
Bolivia

FORUM-ASIA

식량권(한)Right to Food

Chad

Ethiopia

 Philippines
Mongolia		 USA
Italy		 Ukraine Brazil
Venezuela		 Oxfam
International

인종차별(한)

Racial Discrimination (Korean)

 Morocco
Senegal		 Iran
Israel

France
Denmark
Spain

 Hungary Mexico Minority Rights Group (MRG)

인종차별(영)

Racial Discrimination (English)

South Africa
Kenya

Rwanda

 Malaysia
India		 Canada
Switzerland		 Latvia Guatemala Amnesty International
  • 북한인권과 버마인권 실무분과 참가 팀 (20팀)은 UPR 실무분과 A 참여
    UPR WG A shall be composed of participating teams of SP WG on human rights situation in DPRK and Burma(Myanmar).

  • 식량권과 인종차별(한) 실무분과 참가 팀 (20팀)은 UPR 실무분과 B 참여
    UPR WG B shall be composed of participating teams of SP WG on the Right to Food and Racial Discrimination (Korean).

  • 인종차별(English) 참가팀 (10팀)은 UPR 실무분과 C 참여
    UPR WG C shall be composed of participants of SP WG on Racial Discrimination.

2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회 자료집: 📥 📥


2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회 성황리에 마쳤습니다 (한국인권재단 사업소식)


2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회 성황리에 마쳤습니다


지난 7월 5일(월)-6일(화) 이틀간 서울대학교 공익인권법센터, 유엔인권정책센터, 한국인권재단이 공동주최하고, 서울대학교에서 개최된 <2010 대학(원)생 UN인권이사회>가 참가자 및 내외빈 등이 참석한 가운데 성황리에 마무리 되었습니다.






100여명의 참가자와 70여명의 특별참가자 및 심사위원, staff들이 환상의 호흡을 이루어 열띤 인권 논의의 장을 펼쳤습니다.


4개의 특별절차실무분과(북한, 버마인권, 식량권, 인종차별) 한국어팀과 1개의 영어팀(인종차별)이 진지하고도 치열한 논쟁을 통해 최종 결의안을 도출하였고, 한국정부대표단에 대한 UPR을 통해 나라별 권고안과 대표단의 입장을 표명하는 것으로 전체 회의가 마무리 되었습니다.










부대행사로 <도전! 인권 골든벨>과 <박원순 변호사와의 대화>, <이주노동자 밴드-스탑 크랙다운 공연>이 진행되었는데요,






진지하면서도 열정적인 (때로는 민망하고 귀여운) 참가자들의 모습이 아름다웠습니다.








모든 참가자가 1등이고 우수팀이었습니다. 그러나 한인섭 서울대 공익인권법센터 소장님이 환영말씀을 전하셨듯이 이번 회의는 서로의 성장을 도모하는 곳이되 강도 높은 경쟁의 무대이기도 했습니다.


행사 참석에서의 성실성 및 회의 진행 과정에서 각 분과/나라별 상황에 대한 이해 정도, 설득력, 팀별 협업 점수 등 총 11개 평가 항목에 대하여 엄정한 심사를 통해 5개팀(10명)이 각각 평등/자유/연대/평화/정의상을 수상하였습니다.



[수상자 명단]

성명

실무분과

UPR 국가

이름

소속

평등상

북한인권

노르웨이

장정원

전북대학교

배진수

전북대학교

자유상

식량권

베네수엘라

김효준

성균관대학교

김현주

한양대학교

연대상

버마인권

가나

김남석

서울시립대학교

전수진

연세대학교

평화상

(한국어)

인종차별

이스라엘

최지숙

숙명여자대학교

기은환

숙명여자대학교

정의상

(영어)

인종차별

남아프리카 공화국

최웅식

연세대학교

정철호

서울대학교


수상자들은 내년 1월경 제네바로 인권연수를 떠나게 됩니다.


저작자표시 비영리 변경금지

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핵심국제인권조약 | Core Int'l HR Treaties/인종차별철폐협약 | ICERD

International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1965)

핵심국제인권조약 | Core Int'l HR Treaties/인종차별철폐협약 | ICERD

2002. 12. 21. 00:00

 

 


International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination


Adopted and opened for signature and ratification by General Assembly resolution 2106 (XX) of 21 December 1965
entry into force 4 January 1969, in accordance with Article 19

 

The States Parties to this Convention,

 

Considering that the Charter of the United Nations is based on the principles of the dignity and equality inherent in all human beings, and that all Member States have pledged themselves to take joint and separate action, in co-operation with the Organization, for the achievement of one of the purposes of the United Nations which is to promote and encourage universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion,

 

Considering that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaims that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and that everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set out therein, without distinction of any kind, in particular as to race, colour or national origin,

 

Considering that all human beings are equal before the law and are entitled to equal protection of the law against any discrimination and against any incitement to discrimination,

 

Considering that the United Nations has condemned colonialism and all practices of segregation and discrimination associated therewith, in whatever form and wherever they exist, and that the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples of 14 December 1960 (General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV)) has affirmed and solemnly proclaimed the necessity of bringing them to a speedy and unconditional end,

 

Considering that the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination of 20 November 1963 (General Assembly resolution 1904 (XVIII)) solemnly affirms the necessity of speedily eliminating racial discrimination throughout the world in all its forms and manifestations and of securing understanding of and respect for the dignity of the human person,

 

Convinced that any doctrine of superiority based on racial differentiation is scientifically false, morally condemnable, socially unjust and dangerous, and that there is no justification for racial discrimination, in theory or in practice, anywhere,

 

Reaffirming that discrimination between human beings on the grounds of race, colour or ethnic origin is an obstacle to friendly and peaceful relations among nations and is capable of disturbing peace and security among peoples and the harmony of persons living side by side even within one and the same State,

 

Convinced that the existence of racial barriers is repugnant to the ideals of any human society,

 

Alarmed by manifestations of racial discrimination still in evidence in some areas of the world and by governmental policies based on racial superiority or hatred, such as policies of apartheid, segregation or separation,

 

Resolved to adopt all necessary measures for speedily eliminating racial discrimination in all its forms and manifestations, and to prevent and combat racist doctrines and practices in order to promote understanding between races and to build an international community free from all forms of racial segregation and racial discrimination,

 

Bearing in mind the Convention concerning Discrimination in respect of Employment and Occupation adopted by the International Labour Organisation in 1958, and the Convention against Discrimination in Education adopted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in 1960,

 

Desiring to implement the principles embodied in the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Al l Forms of Racial Discrimination and to secure the earliest adoption of practical measures to that end,

Have agreed as follows:

 

PART I

 

Article 1

1. In this Convention, the term "racial discrimination" shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life.

 

2. This Convention shall not apply to distinctions, exclusions, restrictions or preferences made by a State Party to this Convention between citizens and non-citizens.

 

3. Nothing in this Convention may be interpreted as affecting in any way the legal provisions of States Parties concerning nationality, citizenship or naturalization, provided that such provisions do not discriminate against any particular nationality.

 

4. Special measures taken for the sole purpose of securing adequate advancement of certain racial or ethnic groups or individuals requiring such protection as may be necessary in order to ensure such groups or individuals equal enjoyment or exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms shall not be deemed racial discrimination, provided, however, that such measures do not, as a consequence, lead to the maintenance of separate rights for different racial groups and that they shall not be continued after the objectives for which they were taken have been achieved.

 

Article 2

1. States Parties condemn racial discrimination and undertake to pursue by all appropriate means and without delay a policy of eliminating racial discrimination in all its forms and promoting understanding among all races, and, to this end:

 

(a) Each State Party undertakes to engage in no act or practice of racial discrimination against persons, groups of persons or institutions and to en sure that all public authorities and public institutions, national and local, shall act in conformity with this obligation;

 

(b) Each State Party undertakes not to sponsor, defend or support racial discrimination by any persons or organizations;

 

(c) Each State Party shall take effective measures to review governmental, national and local policies, and to amend, rescind or nullify any laws and regulations which have the effect of creating or perpetuating racial discrimination wherever it exists;

 

(d) Each State Party shall prohibit and bring to an end, by all appropriate means, including legislation as required by circumstances, racial discrimination by any persons, group or organization;

 

(e) Each State Party undertakes to encourage, where appropriate, integrationist multiracial organizations and movements and other means of eliminating barriers between races, and to discourage anything which tends to strengthen racial division.

 

2. States Parties shall, when the circumstances so warrant, take, in the social, economic, cultural and other fields, special and concrete measures to ensure the adequate development and protection of certain racial groups or individuals belonging to them, for the purpose of guaranteeing them the full and equal enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms. These measures shall in no case en tail as a con sequence the maintenance of unequal or separate rights for different racial groups after the objectives for which they were taken have been achieved.

 

Article 3

States Parties particularly condemn racial segregation and apartheid and undertake to prevent, prohibit and eradicate all practices of this nature in territories under their jurisdiction.

 

Article 4

States Parties condemn all propaganda and all organizations which are based on ideas or theories of superiority of one race or group of persons of one colour or ethnic origin, or which attempt to justify or promote racial hatred and discrimination in any form, and undertake to adopt immediate and positive measures designed to eradicate all incitement to, or acts of, such discrimination and, to this end, with due regard to the principles embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the rights expressly set forth in article 5 of this Convention, inter alia:

 

(a) Shall declare an offence punishable by law all dissemination of ideas based on racial superiority or hatred, incitement to racial discrimination, as well as all acts of violence or incitement to such acts against any race or group of persons of another colour or ethnic origin, and also the provision of any assistance to racist activities, including the financing thereof;

 

(b) Shall declare illegal and prohibit organizations, and also organized and all other propaganda activities, which promote and incite racial discrimination, and shall recognize participation in such organizations or activities as an offence punishable by law;

 

(c) Shall not permit public authorities or public institutions, national or local, to promote or incite racial discrimination.

 

Article 5

In compliance with the fundamental obligations laid down in article 2 of this Convention, States Parties undertake to prohibit and to eliminate racial discrimination in all its forms and to guarantee the right of everyone, without distinction as to race, colour, or national or ethnic origin, to equality before the law, notably in the enjoyment of the following rights:

 

(a) The right to equal treatment before the tribunals and all other organs administering justice;

 

(b) The right to security of person and protection by the State against violence or bodily harm, whether inflicted by government officials or by any individual group or institution;

 

(c) Political rights, in particular the right to participate in elections-to vote and to stand for election-on the basis of universal and equal suffrage, to take part in the Government as well as in the conduct of public affairs at any level and to have equal access to public service;

 

(d) Other civil rights, in particular:

 

(i) The right to freedom of movement and residence within the border of the State;

(ii) The right to leave any country, including one's own, and to return to one's country;

(iii) The right to nationality;

(iv) The right to marriage and choice of spouse;

(v) The right to own property alone as well as in association with others;

(vi) The right to inherit;

(vii) The right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion;

(viii) The right to freedom of opinion and expression;

(ix) The right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association;

 

(e) Economic, social and cultural rights, in particular:

 

(i) The rights to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work, to protection against unemployment, to equal pay for equal work, to just and favourable remuneration;

(ii) The right to form and join trade unions;

(iii) The right to housing;

(iv) The right to public health, medical care, social security and social services;

(v) The right to education and training;

(vi) The right to equal participation in cultural activities;

 

(f) The right of access to any place or service intended for use by the general public, such as transport hotels, restaurants, cafes, theatres and parks.

 

Article 6

States Parties shall assure to everyone within their jurisdiction effective protection and remedies, through the competent national tribunals and other State institutions, against any acts of racial discrimination which violate his human rights and fundamental freedoms contrary to this Convention, as well as the right to seek from such tribunals just and adequate reparation or satisfaction for any damage suffered as a result of such discrimination.

 

Article 7

States Parties undertake to adopt immediate and effective measures, particularly in the fields of teaching, education, culture and information, with a view to combating prejudices which lead to racial discrimination and to promoting understanding, tolerance and friendship among nations and racial or ethnical groups, as well as to propagating the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, and this Convention.

 

PART II

 

Article 8

1. There shall be established a Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (hereinafter referred to as the Committee) consisting of eighteen experts of high moral standing and acknowledged impartiality elected by States Parties from among their nationals, who shall serve in their personal capacity, consideration being given to equitable geographical distribution and to the representation of the different forms of civilization as well as of the principal legal systems.

 

2. The members of the Committee shall be elected by secret ballot from a list of persons nominated by the States Parties. Each State Party may nominate one person from among its own nationals.

 

3. The initial election shall be held six months after the date of the entry into force of this Convention. At least three months before the date of each election the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall address a letter to the States Parties inviting them to submit their nominations within two months. The Secretary-General shall prepare a list in alphabetical order of all persons thus nominated, indicating the States Parties which have nominated them, and shall submit it to the States Parties.

 

4. Elections of the members of the Committee shall be held at a meeting of States Parties convened by the Secretary-General at United Nations Headquarters. At that meeting, for which two thirds of the States Parties shall constitute a quorum, the persons elected to the Committee shall be nominees who obtain the largest number of votes and an absolute majority of the votes of the representatives of States Parties present and voting.

 

5.

(a) The members of the Committee shall be elected for a term of four years. However, the terms of nine of the members elected at the first election shall expire at the end of two years; immediately after the first election the names of these nine members shall be chosen by lot by the Chairman of the Committee;

 

(b) For the filling of casual vacancies, the State Party whose expert has ceased to function as a member of the Committee shall appoint another expert from among its nationals, subject to the approval of the Committee.

 

6. States Parties shall be responsible for the expenses of the members of the Committee while they are in performance of Committee duties.

 

Article 9

1. States Parties undertake to submit to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, for consideration by the Committee, a report on the legislative, judicial, administrative or other measures which they have adopted and which give effect to the provisions of this Convention:

 

(a) within one year after the entry into force of the Convention for the State concerned; and

 

(b) thereafter every two years and whenever the Committee so requests. The Committee may request further information from the States Parties.

 

2. The Committee shall report annually, through the Secretary General, to the General Assembly of the United Nations on its activities and may make suggestions and general recommendations based on the examination of the reports and information received from the States Parties. Such suggestions and general recommendations shall be reported to the General Assembly together with comments, if any, from States Parties.

 

Article 10

1. The Committee shall adopt its own rules of procedure.

2. The Committee shall elect its officers for a term of two years.

3. The secretariat of the Committee shall be provided by the Secretary General of the United Nations.

4. The meetings of the Committee shall normally be held at United Nations Headquarters.

 

Article 11

1. If a State Party considers that another State Party is not giving effect to the provisions of this Convention, it may bring the matter to the attention of the Committee. The Committee shall then transmit the communication to the State Party concerned. Within three months, the receiving State shall submit to the Committee written explanations or statements clarifying the matter and the remedy, if any, that may have been taken by that State.

 

2. If the matter is not adjusted to the satisfaction of both parties, either by bilateral negotiations or by any other procedure open to them, within six months after the receipt by the receiving State of the initial communication, either State shall have the right to refer the matter again to the Committee by notifying the Committee and also the other State.

 

3. The Committee shall deal with a matter referred to it in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article after it has ascertained that all available domestic remedies have been invoked and exhausted in the case, in conformity with the generally recognized principles of international law. This shall not be the rule where the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged.

 

4. In any matter referred to it, the Committee may call upon the States Parties concerned to supply any other relevant information.

 

5. When any matter arising out of this article is being considered by the Committee, the States Parties concerned shall be entitled to send a representative to take part in the proceedings of the Committee, without voting rights, while the matter is under consideration.

 

Article 12

1. (a) After the Committee has obtained and collated all the information it deems necessary, the Chairman shall appoint an ad hoc Conciliation Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Commission) comprising five persons who may or may not be members of the Committee. The members of the Commission shall be appointed with the unanimous consent of the parties to the dispute, and its good offices shall be made available to the States concerned with a view to an amicable solution of the matter on the basis of respect for this Convention;

 

(b) If the States parties to the dispute fail to reach agreement within three months on all or part of the composition of the Commission, the members of the Commission not agreed upon by the States parties to the dispute shall be elected by secret ballot by a two-thirds majority vote of the Committee from among its own members.

 

2. The members of the Commission shall serve in their personal capacity. They shall not be nationals of the States parties to the dispute or of a State not Party to this Convention.

 

3. The Commission shall elect its own Chairman and adopt its own rules of procedure.

 

4. The meetings of the Commission shall normally be held at United Nations Headquarters or at any other convenient place as determined by the Commission.

 

5. The secretariat provided in accordance with article 10, paragraph 3, of this Convention shall also service the Commission whenever a dispute among States Parties brings the Commission into being.

 

6. The States parties to the dispute shall share equally all the expenses of the members of the Commission in accordance with estimates to be provided by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

 

7. The Secretary-General shall be empowered to pay the expenses of the members of the Commission, if necessary, before reimbursement by the States parties to the dispute in accordance with paragraph 6 of this article.

 

8. The information obtained and collated by the Committee shall be made available to the Commission, and the Commission may call upon the States concerned to supply any other relevant information.

 

Article 13

1. When the Commission has fully considered the matter, it shall prepare and submit to the Chairman of the Committee a report embodying its findings on all questions of fact relevant to the issue between the parties and containing such recommendations as it may think proper for the amicable solution of the dispute.

 

2. The Chairman of the Committee shall communicate the report of the Commission to each of the States parties to the dispute. These States shall, within three months, inform the Chairman of the Committee whether or not they accept the recommendations contained in the report of the Commission.

 

3. After the period provided for in paragraph 2 of this article, the Chairman of the Committee shall communicate the report of the Commission and the declarations of the States Parties concerned to the other States Parties to this Convention.

 

Article 14

1. A State Party may at any time declare that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications from individuals or groups of individuals within its jurisdiction claiming to be victims of a violation by that State Party of any of the rights set forth in this Convention. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State Party which has not made such a declaration.

 

2. Any State Party which makes a declaration as provided for in paragraph I of this article may establish or indicate a body within its national legal order which shall be competent to receive and consider petitions from individuals and groups of individuals within its jurisdiction who claim to be victims of a violation of any of the rights set forth in this Convention and who have exhausted other available local remedies.

 

3. A declaration made in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article and the name of any body established or indicated in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article shall be deposited by the State Party concerned with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States Parties. A declaration may be withdrawn at any time by notification to the Secretary-General, but such a withdrawal shall not affect communications pending before the Committee.

 

4. A register of petitions shall be kept by the body established or indicated in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article, and certified copies of the register shall be filed annually through appropriate channels with the Secretary-General on the understanding that the contents shall not be publicly disclosed.

 

5. In the event of failure to obtain satisfaction from the body established or indicated in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article, the petitioner shall have the right to communicate the matter to the Committee within six months.

 

6.

(a) The Committee shall confidentially bring any communication referred to it to the attention of the State Party alleged to be violating any provision of this Convention, but the identity of the individual or groups of individuals concerned shall not be revealed without his or their express consent. The Committee shall not receive anonymous communications;

 

(b) Within three months, the receiving State shall submit to the Committee written explanations or statements clarifying the matter and the remedy, if any, that may have been taken by that State.

 

7.

(a) The Committee shall consider communications in the light of all information made available to it by the State Party concerned and by the petitioner. The Committee shall not consider any communication from a petitioner unless it has ascertained that the petitioner has exhausted all available domestic remedies. However, this shall not be the rule where the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged;

 

(b) The Committee shall forward its suggestions and recommendations, if any, to the State Party concerned and to the petitioner.

 

8. The Committee shall include in its annual report a summary of such communications and, where appropriate, a summary of the explanations and statements of the States Parties concerned and of its own suggestions and recommendations.

 

9. The Committee shall be competent to exercise the functions provided for in this article only when at least ten States Parties to this Convention are bound by declarations in accordance with paragraph I of this article.

 

Article 15

1 . Pending the achievement of the objectives of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, contained in General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960, the provisions of this Convention shall in no way limit the right of petition granted to these peoples by other international instruments or by the United Nations and its specialized agencies.

 

2.

(a) The Committee established under article 8, paragraph 1, of this Convention shall receive copies of the petitions from, and submit expressions of opinion and recommendations on these petitions to, the bodies of the United Nations which deal with matters directly related to the principles and objectives of this Convention in their consideration of petitions from the inhabitants of Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territories and all other territories to which General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) applies, relating to matters covered by this Convention which are before these bodies;

 

(b) The Committee shall receive from the competent bodies of the United Nations copies of the reports concerning the legislative, judicial, administrative or other measures directly related to the principles and objectives of this Convention applied by the administering Powers within the Territories mentioned in subparagraph (a) of this paragraph, and shall express opinions and make recommendations to these bodies.

 

3. The Committee shall include in its report to the General Assembly a summary of the petitions and reports it has received from United Nations bodies, and the expressions of opinion and recommendations of the Committee relating to the said petitions and reports.

 

4. The Committee shall request from the Secretary-General of the United Nations all information relevant to the objectives of this Convention and available to him regarding the Territories mentioned in paragraph 2 (a) of this article.

 

Article 16

The provisions of this Convention concerning the settlement of disputes or complaints shall be applied without prejudice to other procedures for settling disputes or complaints in the field of discrimination laid down in the constituent instruments of, or conventions adopted by, the United Nations and its specialized agencies, and shall not prevent the States Parties from having recourse to other procedures for settling a dispute in accordance with general or special international agreements in force between them.

 

PART III

 

Article 17

1. This Convention is open for signature by any State Member of the United Nations or member of any of its specialized agencies, by any State Party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice, and by any other State which has been invited by the General Assembly of the United Nations to become a Party to this Convention.

 

2. This Convention is subject to ratification. Instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

 

Article 18

1. This Convention shall be open to accession by any State referred to in article 17, paragraph 1, of the Convention. 2. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

 

Article 19

1. This Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of the deposit with the Secretary-General of the United Nations of the twenty-seventh instrument of ratification or instrument of accession.

 

2. For each State ratifying this Convention or acceding to it after the deposit of the twenty-seventh instrument of ratification or instrument of accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of the deposit of its own instrument of ratification or instrument of accession.

 

Article 20

1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall receive and circulate to all States which are or may become Parties to this Convention reservations made by States at the time of ratification or accession. Any State which objects to the reservation shall, within a period of ninety days from the date of the said communication, notify the Secretary-General that it does not accept it.

 

2. A reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of this Convention shall not be permitted, nor shall a reservation the effect of which would inhibit the operation of any of the bodies established by this Convention be allowed. A reservation shall be considered incompatible or inhibitive if at least two thirds of the States Parties to this Convention object to it.

 

3. Reservations may be withdrawn at any time by notification to this effect addressed to the Secretary-General. Such notification shall take effect on the date on which it is received.

 

Article 21

A State Party may denounce this Convention by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Denunciation shall take effect one year after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.

 

Article 22

Any dispute between two or more States Parties with respect to the interpretation or application of this Convention, which is not settled by negotiation or by the procedures expressly provided for in this Convention, shall, at the request of any of the parties to the dispute, be referred to the International Court of Justice for decision, unless the disputants agree to another mode of settlement.

 

Article 23

1. A request for the revision of this Convention may be made at any time by any State Party by means of a notification in writing addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

 

2. The General Assembly of the United Nations shall decide upon the steps, if any, to be taken in respect of such a request.

 

Article 24

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall inform all States referred to in article 17, paragraph 1, of this Convention of the following particulars:

 

(a) Signatures, ratifications and accessions under articles 17 and 18;

 

(b) The date of entry into force of this Convention under article 19;

 

(c) Communications and declarations received under articles 14, 20 and 23;

 

(d) Denunciations under article 21.

 

Article 25

1. This Convention, of which the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.

 

2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit certified copies of this Convention to all States belonging to any of the categories mentioned in article 17, paragraph 1, of the Convention.

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